How do water purifiers work?

Water is a necessity for life; however, not all sources are fit for human consumption. There are many reasons that cause water contamination like bacteria, heavy metals, and harmful chemicals lurking in untreated water, water purifiers have become essential tools for ensuring safe and healthy hydration. But have you ever wondered how these devices work?

The Step-by-Step Process of Water Purification

Water purifiers generally employ a multi-stage/filtration process to eliminate contaminants. Here’s how it works:

1.   Pre-Filtration: The First Line of Defense

Before the water undergoes advanced filtration, it passes through a sediment and activated carbon filter. This filter captures visible particles such as sand, dirt, and rust, preventing them from reaching the more sensitive filters in subsequent stages. Pre-filtration not only improves water quality but also extends the lifespan of the purifier’s main filters.

2. Reverse Osmosis (RO) Filtration: Targeting Dissolved Impurities

In RO water purifiers, water flows through a semi-permeable membrane that blocks dissolved salts, heavy metals, and other harmful chemicals. This process relies on pressure to push water molecules through the membrane, leaving larger impurities behind.

• Key Role: Eliminates Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) such as calcium, magnesium, lead, and arsenic.
• Outcome: Water becomes soft, great tasting and safe by reduction of harmful substances.

3.   Ultraviolet (UV) Sterilization: Killing Microbes

In UV water purifiers equipped with UV technology, water is subjected to ultraviolet rays that deactivate bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. The UV light disrupts the DNA of these pathogens, rendering them harmless without affecting the taste or chemical composition of the water.

• Key Role: Eliminates biological contaminants like E. coli and Salmonella.
• Outcome: Water is free from waterborne diseases.

4.   Activated Carbon Filtration: Enhancing Taste and Smell

The next step typically involves passing the water through an activated carbon filter. Carbon is renowned for its high absorption capabilities. It captures chlorine, pesticides, and other organic chemicals that can affect the taste and odor of water.

• Key Role: Eliminates unpleasant odors and improves flavor.
• Outcome: Water becomes palatable and odor-free.

5.   Post-Filtration and Storage: Final Cleanup

In the concluding stage, purified water is either passed through another filter or stored in a tank that features UV or antimicrobial protection to prevent recontamination. This ensures that the water remains pure until it is consumed.

• Key Role: Serves as a safeguard against secondary contamination.
• Outcome: Pure and ready-to-drink water.

Why is Multi-Stage Purification Effective?

 Water purifiers frequently utilize a combination of RO, UV, UF, and activated carbon filters to guarantee thorough cleaning. This multi-stage approach enables them to address a wide array of impurities, from visible particles to microscopic pathogens and dissolved chemicals.

Key Technologies in Water Purifiers

• Reverse Osmosis (RO): Best suited for high TDS levels.
• Ultraviolet (UV): Effective against microbes.
• Ultra Filtration (UF): Ideal for regions with low TDS.
• Activated Carbon: Removes chlorine and enhances taste.
• Sediment Filters: Protect internal components from damage caused by larger particles.

Conclusion

Water purifiers are marvels of modern technology, designed to ensure that every drop of water you consume is free from impurities. By understanding their working process, you can make an informed decision while installing one in your home. Choosing a water purifier can be a daunting task; however, we at Pureit are here to guide you in finding an ideal water purifier to keep you and your family safe and hydrated!